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Types of Single-Phase Induction Motor

Types of Single-Phase Induction Motor:

Single-phase induction motors are classified into four types as follows:


Sr. No. Types of Single-Phase Induction Motor

#1. Split Phase Induction Motor

#2. Capacitor Start Induction Motor

#3. Capacitor Start & Capacitor Run Induction Motor

#4. Shaded Pole Induction Motor

#1. Split Phase Induction Motor:

Another name for Split Phase Induction Motor is Resistance Start Motor. Such a motor includes a stator and a single cage rotor. This includes stator two windings called starting windings as well as main windings. These two windings are moved 90 degrees inside the space. Initial winding involves a low induction reaction and high resistance. While winding involves low resistance and high inductive reaction.


The low cost of this type of motor is suitable for loads. Which starts very easily. In which the initial frequency can be controlled. This motor is not used for drives that do not exceed 1 kW due to low starting torque. The application of this motor is mainly in the washing machines, floor polishers, mixer grinders, AC fans, blowers, centrifugal pumps, drilling and lathe machine, etc.


#2. Capacitor Start Induction Motor:

Capacitor Start Induction Motor is a single-phase motor in which a stator and a single cage rotor are used. This stator consists of two windings known as main winding and auxiliary winding. Auxiliary windings are also commonly referred to as starting windings. In motor construction, the alignment of these two windings can be separated by 90 degrees in space.


This motor is used in places where high starting loads require frequent start-ups.

This motor is used to operate compressors, pumps, machine tools, and conveyors.

It is also used in AC compressors and refrigerators.

#3. Capacitor Start & Capacitor Run Induction Motor:

Capacitor Run Induction Motor Working principle is similar to the start capacitor induction motor. We all know that the induction motor is not a self-starting motor. Because the magnetic field generated is not rotary type. Therefore in order to generate a rotary magnetic field, induction motors need a phase difference.


In a split-phase induction motor, this motor however must have resistance to make a phase difference; The capacitor will make a phase difference. This is due to the fact that the current flowing in the capacitor guides the voltage. Capacitor start and capacitor start run type motor have two windings like main and starting.


There is a link inside the capacitor when starting the winding thus the current supply inside the capacitor guides the voltage applied by some angle. Both these motors have high starting torque. That is why this motor is used in conveyors, grinders, compressors, air conditioners, etc.


 

#4. Shaded Pole Induction Motor:

This is a self-starting single-phase induction type motor. One of these poles can be shed through a copper ring which is also called a shed ring. The function of this ring is similar to secondary winding in a motor. This motor only rotates in a specific way and the opposite speed of this motor is not possible.


The loss of electricity in this motor is very high. The power factor is low. And the induced starting torque can also be very low. The efficiency of this motor is poor due to its low design and low power ratings. This induction motor is used in small devices like fans, relays. Due to its easy start and low cost.


Shaded Pole Induction Motor is used in the hairdryer, exhaust fan, table fan cooling fans, projector, refrigeration device, record player, tape recorder, etc.


Applications of Single-Phase Induction Motor:

The application of a Single-Phase Induction Motor is done in a low-power machine. Which are widely used in industrial and home use. Some of whose applications are as follows.


Small fans.

Mixers.

Toys.

Pump.

Compressors.

High-speed vacuum cleaners.

Electric shavers.

Drilling machines.

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